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E-field radiation - перевод на Английский
![Differences between [[Fraunhofer diffraction]] and [[Fresnel diffraction]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/FarNearFields-USP-4998112-1.svg?width=200 "Differences between [[Fraunhofer diffraction]] and [[Fresnel diffraction]]")
![A "[[radiation pattern]]" for an antenna, by definition showing only the far field.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/FarNearFields-USP-4998112-2.svg?width=200 "A \"[[radiation pattern]]\" for an antenna, by definition showing only the far field.")
Определение
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Википедия
The near field and far field are regions of the electromagnetic (EM) field around an object, such as a transmitting antenna, or the result of radiation scattering off an object. Non-radiative near-field behaviors dominate close to the antenna or scattering object, while electromagnetic radiation far-field behaviors dominate at greater distances.
Far-field E (electric) and B (magnetic) field strength decreases as the distance from the source increases, resulting in an inverse-square law for the radiated power intensity of electromagnetic radiation. By contrast, near-field E and B strength decrease more rapidly with distance: the radiative field decreases by the inverse-distance squared, the reactive field by an inverse-cube law, resulting in a diminished power in the parts of the electric field by an inverse fourth-power and sixth-power, respectively. The rapid drop in power contained in the near-field ensures that effects due to the near-field essentially vanish a few wavelengths away from the radiating part of the antenna.
